Viewing another part of the series describes the history of the hospital by Paul tworkowskiego Artomiuka. The text is from an 1923 journal of the CAP.
Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest - the story of the hospital tworkowskiego odc. 3
At the outbreak of war in the Hospital there were 1185 patients under the care of a large staff. Since most men have been subject to widespread mobilization, pavilions for men were almost without support. With active hostilities hospital he met on the first day of the war, survived the bombing.
outbreak of war
After September 8, 1939 I was in the pavilion has been decorated military hospital. Sept. 14 brought 30 wounded soldiers from the Army "Łódź", after the battle in the forests Helenowskich. In November, the entire second pavilion was occupied by wounded civilians and soldiers. Already in September, the hospital began to appear in German soldiers. From 1 October 1939 Hospital came under the management of the occupier., Who ordered a reduction of posts. Under it fired seven doctors, five officers and 16 personnel.
Hospital was forced to take 350 Germans, 150 Ukrainians, 400 prisoners, Soviet citizens and, finally, patients Poles from the hospital in Upper Silesia.
After the collapse of the Warsaw Uprising, the hospital received an additional 2,600 patients evacuated from hospitals in Warsaw. By the narrowness and cold, and mostly due to starvation rations, catastrophically increased mortality. In 1941 was 30%. This well-planned and consistently directed the destruction carried out by appointed 2 September 1940 by the occupying authorities, the director of the hospital - Eugen Honette, brutal, violent and cares for the interests of their own in Germany, probably of French origin or Belgian (who was not a doctor but an expert in the industry bookselling) and his two assistants, also the Germans: Superintendent of goats and nadpielęgniarz Gottfried Franz Zalfen. Inhuman treatment of the sick, punish them for the slightest derogation from the discipline, starvation diet, nieopalanie rooms in winter, would have a much lower statistics, if not for the generosity of staff and many people outside the walls of the hospital, gaining an additional food, a bit of fuel and blankets for the most seriously ill ...
shocking memories
historian of psychiatry, Dr. John Gallus writes in his memoirs:
"Then I met the first and last with various disorders caused by hunger, consisting not only in the destruction of the body and called. hunger edema, but with many cases of complications in the background - from starvation, samozjadaniem own body parts and cannibalism nearly inclusive. (...) Doc. Łuniewski became known. chief physician, and Dr. Handelsman, for understandable reasons, unfortunately, had to leave our team. "
Tworkowski Hospital was the only one among kindred institutions, which was not destroyed by the occupying forces. The news of the destruction of similar facilities, and killing of patients reflected widely. In Tworki there was a constant voltage, unpredictable and totally dependent on the whims and Mr. Honette German authorities. Gallus says: "We tried to keep patients as short as possible and treat them as the most intense, especially as they once again met with unexpected cases of taking some of our patients in the unknown for us purpose and direction. In this way, one day, was taken from the hospital all the residents in the patients and the patients of Jewish origin - about 350 people and deported like to Psychiatric Hospital Zofiówka in Otwock, where it never arrived. How should I guess - Somewhere along the way were murdered. "
doctors were in solidarity and tireless work. This not only managed to save many lives, but also to keep the sick - and for longer periods of time people completely healthy, but need to hide. They were mainly members of the Resistance, social activists, activists, culture, etc.
Gallus writes: "For example, personally, I managed to hide and kept for several months one of the greatest Polish religious dignitaries, wanted by the Germans and a miracle survivor after the death of the murder of several his companions ... Unfortunately, these days of tension, weeks, months and years of this difficult and extremely exhausting, constant vigilance at work and outside work more than one of us broke down, and even zmogły as doc. Dr. Witold Łuniewskiego, who died in 1943. His duties were taken over by Edward Steffen, MD (senior). "
With memories of Dr. Gallus, we can imagine the helplessness with which the Poles had to be measured every day:
" Among the many serious and difficult for me to survive the occupation, such as the almost total elimination of family my wife for her contribution to the country and the continuance of Polish identity (Family Bursche), particularly depressing was powerless to prevent what had happened, and why sometimes possibly could be prevented. One such experience - Self-incrimination is part Jewish and putting in the hands of the Gestapo Honneta secretary, Kubryń Sophia (Sonia) - as much shocked me. Sonia before going to Honneta with this self-incrimination and rushed to my office, just at a time when I accepted the patient. It looked like something she wanted, but soon withdrew. When she learned of her step, struggled for a long time. If he wanted to hit otherwise, and I would then slow, it could replace a few words with me and might be able to dissuade her from doing so and to prevent her death. "
Sad wicker baskets
According to statistics, during the occupation by the hospital Tworkowski over 5171 patients. In August 1944, the evacuated patients and staff from hospitals in Warsaw to a transit camp, located at the railway workshops in Pruszkow - Dulag 121st
The camp had up to 15,000 people, and the whole period (August 1944 - January 1945) passed through it 650 000. over there too two and a half thousand patients were placed in Tworki.
accordance with the orders of the Resistance of the hospital staff only a few can take part in the Warsaw Uprising, namely: Janusz Kosowski, Gustav Liedke and Francis Dr. Felix Kłykoraz partially Kaczanowski - Help żoliborzanom whose group during the uprising led along with her guardian Sophia Kozicka ps . "Martha" to Tworek.
at this point let us return once more to the Chronicles Łuniewskiego, the latter written in 1941 in the German language. Chronicle of the director is cautious, has almost the same statistics. Łuniewski at the end thanks German authorities for allowing her to write and print, but among other things, and thanks for being allowed patients to cut down on the wicker ponds. With a wicker weaves baskets and sells - buy some food. War was a global disaster, but even against this background does not decrease great personal tragedy Łuniewskiego director, an outstanding scientist who has been compelled to thank you for your wicker and baskets. Witold Łuniewski died on 21 January 1943. He was buried in the cemetery przyszpitalnym. After the war, according to his will, the coffin was transported to the Warta, to his grave Łunickich.
January 16, 1945, the Honette leaves the hospital, plundering and taking away patients valuables from the deposit and the entire contents of the hospital fund. The next day, January 17, 1945 Tworki were unleashed ...
was the only psychiatric hospital, which has not been destroyed and the extermination of the patients in occupied Poland ...
At the outbreak of war in the Hospital there were 1185 patients under the care of a large staff. Since most men have been subject to widespread mobilization, pavilions for men were almost without support. With active hostilities hospital he met on the first day of the war, survived the bombing.
outbreak of war
After September 8, 1939 I was in the pavilion has been decorated military hospital. Sept. 14 brought 30 wounded soldiers from the Army "Łódź", after the battle in the forests Helenowskich. In November, the entire second pavilion was occupied by wounded civilians and soldiers. Already in September, the hospital began to appear in German soldiers. From 1 October 1939 Hospital came under the management of the occupier., Who ordered a reduction of posts. Under it fired seven doctors, five officers and 16 personnel.
Hospital was forced to take 350 Germans, 150 Ukrainians, 400 prisoners, Soviet citizens and, finally, patients Poles from the hospital in Upper Silesia.
After the collapse of the Warsaw Uprising, the hospital received an additional 2,600 patients evacuated from hospitals in Warsaw. By the narrowness and cold, and mostly due to starvation rations, catastrophically increased mortality. In 1941 was 30%. This well-planned and consistently directed the destruction carried out by appointed 2 September 1940 by the occupying authorities, the director of the hospital - Eugen Honette, brutal, violent and cares for the interests of their own in Germany, probably of French origin or Belgian (who was not a doctor but an expert in the industry bookselling) and his two assistants, also the Germans: Superintendent of goats and nadpielęgniarz Gottfried Franz Zalfen. Inhuman treatment of the sick, punish them for the slightest derogation from the discipline, starvation diet, nieopalanie rooms in winter, would have a much lower statistics, if not for the generosity of staff and many people outside the walls of the hospital, gaining an additional food, a bit of fuel and blankets for the most seriously ill ...
shocking memories
historian of psychiatry, Dr. John Gallus writes in his memoirs:
"Then I met the first and last with various disorders caused by hunger, consisting not only in the destruction of the body and called. hunger edema, but with many cases of complications in the background - from starvation, samozjadaniem own body parts and cannibalism nearly inclusive. (...) Doc. Łuniewski became known. chief physician, and Dr. Handelsman, for understandable reasons, unfortunately, had to leave our team. "
Tworkowski Hospital was the only one among kindred institutions, which was not destroyed by the occupying forces. The news of the destruction of similar facilities, and killing of patients reflected widely. In Tworki there was a constant voltage, unpredictable and totally dependent on the whims and Mr. Honette German authorities. Gallus says: "We tried to keep patients as short as possible and treat them as the most intense, especially as they once again met with unexpected cases of taking some of our patients in the unknown for us purpose and direction. In this way, one day, was taken from the hospital all the residents in the patients and the patients of Jewish origin - about 350 people and deported like to Psychiatric Hospital Zofiówka in Otwock, where it never arrived. How should I guess - Somewhere along the way were murdered. "
doctors were in solidarity and tireless work. This not only managed to save many lives, but also to keep the sick - and for longer periods of time people completely healthy, but need to hide. They were mainly members of the Resistance, social activists, activists, culture, etc.
Gallus writes: "For example, personally, I managed to hide and kept for several months one of the greatest Polish religious dignitaries, wanted by the Germans and a miracle survivor after the death of the murder of several his companions ... Unfortunately, these days of tension, weeks, months and years of this difficult and extremely exhausting, constant vigilance at work and outside work more than one of us broke down, and even zmogły as doc. Dr. Witold Łuniewskiego, who died in 1943. His duties were taken over by Edward Steffen, MD (senior). "
With memories of Dr. Gallus, we can imagine the helplessness with which the Poles had to be measured every day:
" Among the many serious and difficult for me to survive the occupation, such as the almost total elimination of family my wife for her contribution to the country and the continuance of Polish identity (Family Bursche), particularly depressing was powerless to prevent what had happened, and why sometimes possibly could be prevented. One such experience - Self-incrimination is part Jewish and putting in the hands of the Gestapo Honneta secretary, Kubryń Sophia (Sonia) - as much shocked me. Sonia before going to Honneta with this self-incrimination and rushed to my office, just at a time when I accepted the patient. It looked like something she wanted, but soon withdrew. When she learned of her step, struggled for a long time. If he wanted to hit otherwise, and I would then slow, it could replace a few words with me and might be able to dissuade her from doing so and to prevent her death. "
Sad wicker baskets
According to statistics, during the occupation by the hospital Tworkowski over 5171 patients. In August 1944, the evacuated patients and staff from hospitals in Warsaw to a transit camp, located at the railway workshops in Pruszkow - Dulag 121st
The camp had up to 15,000 people, and the whole period (August 1944 - January 1945) passed through it 650 000. over there too two and a half thousand patients were placed in Tworki.
accordance with the orders of the Resistance of the hospital staff only a few can take part in the Warsaw Uprising, namely: Janusz Kosowski, Gustav Liedke and Francis Dr. Felix Kłykoraz partially Kaczanowski - Help żoliborzanom whose group during the uprising led along with her guardian Sophia Kozicka ps . "Martha" to Tworek.
at this point let us return once more to the Chronicles Łuniewskiego, the latter written in 1941 in the German language. Chronicle of the director is cautious, has almost the same statistics. Łuniewski at the end thanks German authorities for allowing her to write and print, but among other things, and thanks for being allowed patients to cut down on the wicker ponds. With a wicker weaves baskets and sells - buy some food. War was a global disaster, but even against this background does not decrease great personal tragedy Łuniewskiego director, an outstanding scientist who has been compelled to thank you for your wicker and baskets. Witold Łuniewski died on 21 January 1943. He was buried in the cemetery przyszpitalnym. After the war, according to his will, the coffin was transported to the Warta, to his grave Łunickich.
January 16, 1945, the Honette leaves the hospital, plundering and taking away patients valuables from the deposit and the entire contents of the hospital fund. The next day, January 17, 1945 Tworki were unleashed ...
was the only psychiatric hospital, which has not been destroyed and the extermination of the patients in occupied Poland ...
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Source: WPR0023
Source: WPR0023
